Main Area: Intelligence Augmentation

Examiner:

Pattie Maes

Associate Professor

Media Arts and Sciences Program

Signature:

________________________________

Pattie Maes, Associate Professor

Description: This main area will cover methods for augmenting or enhancing a person's cognitive abilities. The readings will include publications on software agents technology, specific systems designed to augment intelligence, and readings on the philosophy of intelligence augmentation.

Written Requirement: The written requirement for this area will consist of paper of publishable quality describing an intelligence augmentation system.

Note: readings in green are readings not in the official, signed proposal, but which I discovered later and think would be of interest to others.

History of Intelligence Augmentation

• Intelligence Amplification website: http://www.aleph.se/Trans/Individual/Intelligence/
• Bailey, J. "First We Reshape Our Computers, Then Our Computers Reshape Us: The Broader Intellectual Impact of Parallelism", Journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, V121, N1, Winter 1992. (also in N. Metropolis and G-C Rota (Editors) A New Era of Computation, MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, pp. 67-86.)
• Rodney A. Brooks, "From Earwigs to Humans," to appear in "Robotics and Autonomous Systems" http://www.ai.mit.edu/~cdp/ascona.ps.Z
• P. J. Brown, J. D. Bovey, and X. Chen, "Context-aware applications: from the laboratory to the marketplace," IEEE Personal Communications, 4(5), October 1997.
• Vannevar Bush, "As we may think," Atlantic Monthly, July 1945.
• Sasha Chislenko, "Technology as Extension of Human Functional Architecture", unpublished, 29-Sep-1997, http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/techuman.html
• Doug Engelbart: Augmenting Human Intellect: a conceptual Framework (AFOSR-3233), 1962
• Lamming, M., and Flynn, M. 1994, "Forget-me-not:" Intimate Computing in Support of Human Memory. In Proceedings of FRIEND21, '94 International Symposium on Next Generation Human Interface, Meguro Gajoen, Japan.
• Lamming, M., Brown, P., Carter, K., Eldridge, M., Flynn, M., Louie, G., Robinson, P., & Sellen, A. (1994). The design of a human memory prosthesis. The Computer Journal, 37(3), 153-163.
• Douglas B. Lenat, "CYC: A Large-Scale Investment in Knowledge Infrastructure", Nov. 1995, Vol. 38 No. 11, CACM
• JCR Licklider, 1960, Man-Computer Symbiosis, IRE Transactions of Human Factors in Electronics HFE-1(1), March 1960 4-11
• Moravec, Ch. 3, "Power and Presence", unpublished, 1997, http://www.frc.ri.cmu.edu/~hpm/book97/ch3/index3.html

• Gardner, H., "Multiple Intelligences : The Theory in Practice", Basic Books, 1993
• Turkle, S. "Life on the Screen: Identity in the Age of the Internet", Touchstone Books, 1997

Wearable Computing and Augmented Reality

• Proceedings of the First IEEE International Symposium on Wearable Computing, Cambridge MA, 1997.
• Presence Special Issue on Augmented Reality, vol 6(4), Fall 1997.
• Billinghurst, Mark, Bowskill, J., Dyer, N. and Morphett, J. "An Evaluation of Wearable Information Spaces. Accepted for publication VRAIS'98. http://www.hitl.washington.edu/publications/r-97-35/
• Copperstock, J., et al., "Evolution of a Reactive Environment," Proceedings of CHI'95, ACM, May 1995, pp. 170-177. http://www.acm.org/sigchi/chi95/proceedings/papers/jrc_bdy.htm
• Blair MacIntyre, "Augmented Computing Environments: Augmented Reality and Ubiquitous Computing." White-paper at Chi97 workshop on Ubiquitous Computing: the Impact on Future Paradigms and HCI Research
• Blair MacIntyre, "Augmenting Intelligent Environments: Augmented Reality as an Interface to Intelligent Environments" To appear in AAAI 1998 Spring Symposium Series, Intelligent Environments Symposium, March 23-25, 1998, Stanford University, CA. http://www.cs.columbia.edu/~bm/ie98.ps
• Mellor, JP, "Enhanced Reality Visualization in a Surgical Environment," Cambridge, MA, MIT AI Lab Tech Report 1995, 102 http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/jpmellor/techreport.ps.gz
• Feiner, S., MacIntyre, B., and Seligmann, D. Knowledge-based augmented reality. Communications of the ACM, 36(7), July 1993, 52-62.
• Rhodes, B, "The Wearable Remembrance Agent: A system for augmented memory," to appear in Personal Technologies, special issue on wearable computing
• Jim Vallino, "Introduction to Augmented Reality", http://www.cs.rochester.edu:80/u/vallino/research/AR/introduction.html
• Wellner, P., Mackay, W., and Gold, R., "Computer Augmented Environments: Back to the Real World," CACM, Vol. 36, No 7, July 93

Software Agents

• Isbister, K & T Layton. "Intelligent Agents: a review of current literature". http://www.research.microsoft.com/research/ui/persona/isbister.htm
• Joachims, T., Freitag, D. and Mitchell, T. WebWatcher: A Tour Guide for the World Wide Web, in Proceedings of IJCAI97, August 1997.
• Jourdan, Jean et al. "Interfaces that Learn: A Learning Apprentice for Calendar Management," CMU CS Tech Report 91-135, 1991
• Kozierok, Robyn. A Learning Approach to Knowledge Acquisition for Intelligent Interface Agents, SM Thesis, MIT Dept of EECSu 1993
• Lanier, J. "Agents of Alienation", http://www.voyagerco.com/misc/jaron.html
• Henry Lieberman, "Autonomous Interface Agents," in Proceedings of CHI-97, Atlanta, Georgia, March 1997, ACM Press, 67-74
• Maes, P., "Agents that Reduce Work and Information Overload", Communications of the ACM, Vol. 37, No.7, July 1994.
• Schneiderman, B. "Looking for the Bright Side of User Interface Agents", Interactions, January 1995.
• Shardanand, Upendra, and Pattie Maes. "Social Information Filtering: Algorithms for Automating 'Word of Mouth'," Proceedings of CHI'95, ACM Press, 1995
• Sheth, Beerud and Pattie Maes. "Evolving Agents for Personalized Infomation Filtering," Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on AI for Applications, IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993

• Bradshaw, J (ed), "Software Agents", AAAI Press/MIT Press, 1997
• Huhns, M & Singh, M (eds), "Readings in Agents", Morgan Kaufmann, 1998
• Edwin Hutchins, "Cognition in the Wild", MIT Press, 1996
• Nwana, Hyacinth S. and N. Azarmi (eds), "Software Agents and Soft Computing: Towards Enhancing Machine Intelligence", Springer-Verlag, 1997